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Archaeocosmology disciplines
I am trying to find a consistent overview of disciplines for
archaeocosmology
(I don't like the words archaeoastronomy and astroarchaeology,
because
I want to see more than astronomy and archaeology involved in this).
These disciplines could be used to populate for instance the International
Institute
of Astroarchaeology.
The main disciplines within archaeocosmology are in my opinion (it
is not a ranking to importance!):
-
Mythical information
These are based on oral traditions and have a tendency to
incorporate
not only the start of an object/event/person but also the
evolution of
this. In archaeocosmology we are interested in both I think: the
start
of something (a festival for something, a building and why it was
build,
etc.) and the evolution in time (e.g. former churches are now used
as
restaurant).
Both are important, but we have to keep them separated to gain a
clear
overall picture. This separation could be difficult with myths,
but we
have to stimulate to get this straighten out in some way.
- Phenomenology
Observations are determining this (instead of theories). You can
mix
them of course, but the observations are primarily in
phenomenology.
- Religion
Religion keeps a lot of issues preserved (or destroyed of course).
It is finding the un-destroyed things which is important in this
study.
- Astronomy
This provides input on the paths the celestial objects make in the
sky and in relation to the earth in former times. A good
understanding
is needed of this behaviour. In principle this is a very
predictive
database.
If possible celestial alignments are present in buildings this
because
important.
The observation with the unaided eye should be stimulated. A lot
can
be seen in the sky without many tools or theory.
- Archaeology
In principle archaeology should be able to provide us with
unbiased
data. I say in principle, because practice is of course not always
so.
Things are bend according to the insight of the researcher (which
happens
with all the other mentioned research by the way!!!). Perhaps the
bending
is not so problematic (if it can be reconstructed), it is more
problematic
if things were NOT investigated, because they were thought not
important
(like a lot of alignments are destroyed, because no attention was
paid
to them).
Archaeology has provided in any way lots of biased/unbiased data
which
can be used for archaeocosmology studies.
Education of the archaeology world is needed to make it more
unbiased
to archaeocosmology issues (like done in Ruggles [1999]).
- Statistics
Statistics is a very tricky study. You can do very good things
with
it, but you can also distort things (figures don't tell
everything!).
Furthermore you can only do statistics on a sample that
has
lots of things in common, but one thing (or at least a
very
limited
number of things) perhaps not. With statistics one want to prove
that
that one
thing is there or not there (hypothesis). But when is one
sure that
one has a good sample e.g. the buildings have to be from the same
culture/tribe/etc.
otherwise comparing becomes very difficult.
Another thing is blurred out with statistics and that is the
uniqueness
of something! In present days e.g. most buildings in a culture are
ordinary,
only a few are special and have something unique (I called them
the cathedrals).
If you use the wrong statistics you will never see the special
ones!
I personally would like to concentrate on finding techniques to
try
to find these special ones and not loose them in averages.
- Surveying and geodesy
The use of GPS, GIS (like 3D emulation of the environment and
submerging
a a virtual world) can help to visualize the study of
archaeocosmology
do determine alignments based on geographical/tribal phenomena.
Some
examples
can be seen on my work at Maeshowe and
tutorial
web pages on surveying.
- Art and artefacts
Art from former times can have lots of meanings. It can be used
for
noting, tallying, writing, art, initiation, ceremony, etc. One
should
be
able to get an idea how to interpretate these art objects in such
a way
that we can use them in the archaeocosmology studies.
Art is my main interest. I diverted to the
surveying/statistics/astronomy
issues temporarily, because I hope that
these can provide more context to the art. I still don't know if
this
is/was the correct path for me;-)
- Climate studies
It is important to know how the climate (and the level of sea) was
in the time periods we are investigating.
- alternative (or not yet accepted?) ways of thinking
Ley lines, dowsing, earth energy stars, etc. could be useful for
archaeocosmology.
We have to be aware though that we know what and how we are using
it.
We
also have to be sure that e.g. ley lines are not altered by time
(e.g.
rivers change their paths quiet considerable over 5000 years why
not
lay
lines or underground waterways).
So we have to use these ways of thinking and evaluate them for the
use in archaeocosmology.
- Anthropology
This is of course an important discipline. Analogies could help in
understanding megalithic people.
- Acoustics
Acoustic of buildings can be very powerful, certainly if you have
been
standing e.g. in Treasury of Atreus and heard a choir singing!
Sounds
can
thus be very powerful in rites and ceremonies. A study worth for
archaeocosmology
in my opinion.
- More???
Please send
me an e-mail!!!
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