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Appendix I

Location dependency and top 10 major standstill dates around the azimuth standstill limits up to 2100

Location dependency

An overview of how the dates of apparent 2024/2025 major standstill events change depending on longitude and latitude, as depicted below (made by using ARCHAEOCOSMO package).

Variability of top 10 standstill events

2024/2025

All locations were evaluated with different AppAlt_hor using ARCHAEOCOSMO package.

AppAlthor=0deg	AppAlthor: Chimney Rock=2.5deg, Calanais and Stonehenge=0.5deg

The following can be seen from the above tables with different AppAlt_hor:

• There is variability of the top10 major standstill events depending on the location, although Calanais and Stonehenge are quite similar.
  
• The influence is AppAlt_hor on the major standstill events is slight, even for Chimney Rock
• The transit events are for Calanais and Stonehenge similar.
  

Average number of major standstill events per Synodic month

Here can be seen the average number of major standstill events in the period Jan 1^st, 2024 to Dec 31^st, 2025 (2 years). Furthermore it is assumed that a differece of 1 deg with the apparent major standstill events in azimuth (rise and set events) or in apparent altitude (transit event) is allowed:

• The transit events (looking at the AppAlt_moon) are for all locations more or less the same.
• The number of events per Synodic month does not really differ for northern or southern events.
  
• The larger the latitude the lower average number of major standstill per Synodic month.
  

Period 2042-2100

The bold row is the date which is the apparent azimuth standstill limit for that location (using JPL).
The red dates are dates mentioned by Meeus ([1997], table 5A) as geocentric major (declination) standstill limits.
The below columns mean:
Date and time [UTC], C(ivil)/N(autical)/A(stronomical)twilight/*=sun above horizon, r(ise)/s(et), not corrected azimuth, apparent altitude of centre Moon, Moon phase (full=100%).

Northern azimuth standstill events in 2042-2044

Southern azimuth standstill events in 2042-2044

Northern azimuth standstill events in 2061-2062

Southern azimuth standstill events in 2061-2062

Northern azimuth standstill events in 2080-2081

Southern azimuth standstill events in 2080-2081

Northern azimuth standstill events in 2098-2100

Southern azimuth standstill events in 2098-2100

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